Folklore
The folklore is defined (the ingl.folklore, Spanish folklore as a set of beliefs, customs, crafts, etc., Traditional people and as a science that studies these issues. Folklore (sociology), general term that encompasses beliefs, customs and knowledge in any culture transmitted orally, by observation or imitation. This set of material is preserved and transmitted from generation to generation with constant changes according to the report, the immediate need or purpose of the transmitter.
Folklore is the traditional art, literature, knowledge, and practice that is disseminated largely through oral communication and behavioral example. Every group with a sense of its own identity shares, as a central part of that identity, folk traditions–the things that people traditionally believe (planting practices, family traditions, and other elements of worldview), do (dance, make music, sew clothing), know (how to build an irrigation dam, how to nurse an ailment, how to prepare barbecue), make (architecture, art, craft), and say (personal experience stories, riddles, song lyrics). As these examples indicate, in most instances there is no hard-and-fast separation of these categories, whether in everyday life or in folklorists’ work.
The word "folklore" names an enormous and deeply significant dimension of culture. Considering how large and complex this subject is, it is no wonder that folklorists define and describe folklore in so many different ways. Try asking dance historians for a definition of "dance," for instance, or anthropologists for a definition of "culture." No one definition will suffice–nor should it.
In part, this is also because particular folklorists emphasize particular parts or characteristics of the world of folklore as a result of their own work, their own interests, or the particular audience they’re trying to reach. And for folklorists, as for the members of any group who share a strong interest, disagreeing with one another is part of the work–and the enjoyment–of the field, and is one of the best ways to learn.
One thing you’ll note about these definitions and descriptions is that they challenge the notion of folklore as something that is simply "old," "old-fashioned," "exotic," "rural," "peasant," "uneducated," "untrue," or "dying out." Though folklore connects people to their past, it is a central part of life in the present, and is at the heart of all cultures–including our own–throughout the world.
HISTORY OF THE FOLKLORE.
Folklore is something that came with that name in 1846, when an English archaeologist, William John Thomas, published a journal in the field of antiquities and traditions and first used the English word that means village FOLK LORE which means traditional flavor.
The proposed to describe the wide world of culture of oral tradition and was accepted by the academy of language.
The folklore may be regarded as a set of beliefs, traditions and folkways, but at the same time depends on several specific factors that determine when it is actually folk.
In Latin America, is very common to confuse what is folklore and what is not, probably due to the lack or deficiency in the dissemination of studies of this science. It takes as folklore, often some expressions that are popular in the world but not the science called FOLKLOROLOGIA.
Raúl Cortazar says about "our half the word folklore is used for many purposes. Is offered by the tourist as a mysterious exotic, including ceremonies to the gods exist.
According to folklore is the cultural heritage and tradition subsisting survives because there is a kind of fund operator that works in all people.
DIVISION OF FOLKLORE.
It uses a classification for many years, well known in the Latin American countries, to cover more of the oral and traditional cultural expressions that are composed of three parts, was the basis for establishing a guide that ranks folkloric events which is in force in many institutions are divided into material folklore, folklore social, spiritual, mental.
Material Folklore
ü Las Pupusas. Quintessential traditional dish in El Salvador.
On crafts, clothing, housing, traditional cooking, traditional medicine, etc.
On crafts, clothing, housing, traditional cooking, traditional medicine, etc.
ü Among the most active regions of craft production are the towns of La Palma and Ilobasco.
ü A typical salvadorian meal can contain the following ingrdedients:
ü Vegetables: pulses and rice, cassava, potato, etc
ü Meat, poultry and fish.
ü Dairy products: cheese, butter, etc.
ü Among the popular kitchen occupy the primary place made from corn: the pupusas, the Shuco porridge, tortillas, tamales, corn chicha, the chilate.
Beverages: Hot: chocolate, coffee. Frías (popularly called "fresh"): the horchata, barley salad.
Sweets: Canned coconut batter, sweet grapefruit. Jellies, quince, guava, toast.
Beverages: Hot: chocolate, coffee. Frías (popularly called "fresh"): the horchata, barley salad.
Sweets: Canned coconut batter, sweet grapefruit. Jellies, quince, guava, toast.
Housing, furniture: The hammock, the mat, the tombilla, the gourd, the pan, the pan
Other typical dishes are Salvadoran atol Shuco, chicken tamales, tamales, corn, tamales Pisque (filled with beans), fried yucca or salcocho, chump bread (turkey), enchiladas, sweet honey, the coated cassava nuego with sweet honey brown sugar tied together with hot chilate. In the east of the country find the totopostes and donuts
SocialFolklore Spin. On festivals, guilds, games, markets, etc. • Games: Traditional toys: The Capirucho, El Yoyo, The Top, the marbles, the piscucha. • Games Gang: The blind man, thief escaped, jumping donkey. • Rounds: The pilgrim, Dona Ana, Chanchavalancha, Sweet Orange, Ton-Ton. • Games for adults: the deck, Racing Tape, Given the Nejapa fireballs. Guilds: There are about sixty fraternities, among the most traditional are: The Brotherhood of Izalco, Santo Domingo, San Antonio del Monte, Sonzacate, Panchimalco. Spiritual-mental Folklore Via Crucis in Sonsonate. On popular religious manifestations, popular literature, music, dance, oral tradition, etc. Oral Tradition: Stories: Uncle rabbit, coyote uncle, uncle Tiger. Legends: The Siguanaba, the Cipitío, the Goblin, the Righteous Judge of the night, Cadejo, the Carreta Chillon, the Cuyancúa, The Screamer, the ashtray, the Managua, Tamale, the Partideño, La Llorona, Click, the virgin water.  Idioms: popularly known as caliche Patron Saint: Each municipality is dedicated to a patron saint and is celebrated annually. Among the most important. Local celebrations dedicated to the Savior of the World known as Events Agostino (in San Salvador and national holiday). Fiestas Julias, dedicated to Santa Ana in the town of that name Patron Saint of San Miguel in honor of the Virgen de la Paz, where Carnival is celebrated on San Miguel. -popular religious celebrations on the Day of the Cross, Easter celebration, the Talcigüines, etc. Dance: counted about thirty, among the more traditional dance of the historiantes, the escutcheon, Partesana, El Torito Pinto, the Tiger and the Stag, the Negritos, the giant, the feathered etc. Musical instruments: the Why, the Pete Cane, the sackbut, the jawbone of a donkey or Charrasca, etc | |||
